Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy

The journal recognizes that artificial intelligence and generative AI tools may be used in certain aspects of research and manuscript preparation. Their use must be responsible, transparent, and subject to human accountability.

AI Cannot Be an Author

Artificial intelligence tools, chatbots, large language models, and similar systems cannot be listed as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for scholarly work.

Responsibilities of Authors

Authors remain fully responsible for:

• accuracy;
• originality;
• interpretation;
• references;
• ethical compliance; and
• integrity of submitted content.

Material use of generative AI in manuscript preparation should be disclosed where appropriate.

Authors must independently verify AI-generated information and references.

Fabricated or nonexistent references are unacceptable.

Responsibilities of Reviewers

Reviewers must protect manuscript confidentiality and must not upload confidential manuscripts to external AI systems where confidentiality cannot be assured.

Responsibilities of Editors

AI tools must not replace human editorial judgment.

Final editorial decisions must be made by qualified human editors.

 

Related Policies:
Authorship & Contributorship | Publication Ethics | Peer Review Process