Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy

The journal recognizes that artificial intelligence and automated tools may support legitimate scientific and engineering research. Their use must remain transparent, responsible, and subject to human accountability.

AI and Authorship

Artificial intelligence systems, chatbots, large language models, and other automated systems cannot be listed as authors.

Authors

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, references, research integrity, data, analysis, and conclusions contained in the manuscript.

Material use of generative AI in manuscript preparation should be disclosed where appropriate.

AI must not be used to fabricate:

• data;
• experiments;
• measurements;
• participants;
• references;
• quotations;
• simulations; or
• scientific findings.

AI-Based Research

Where AI is itself a substantive research method, authors should report relevant information concerning:

• model architecture;
• datasets;
• preprocessing;
• training procedures;
• validation;
• performance metrics;
• benchmark comparisons;
• limitations; and
•  

Reviewers and Editors

Confidential manuscripts must not be uploaded into external generative AI systems where confidentiality cannot be assured.

AI must not replace independent reviewer judgment or human editorial decision-making.

Related Policies:
Authorship and Contributorship | Research Data and Reproducibility | Peer Review Process