Publication Ethics

The journal is committed to maintaining integrity, accuracy, transparency, fairness, accountability, and reliability throughout the publication process.

Authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher are expected to comply with responsible research and publication practices.

The journal does not tolerate:

• plagiarism;
• data fabrication;
• data falsification;
• inappropriate image manipulation;
• duplicate publication;
• redundant publication;
• inappropriate authorship;
• fabricated references;
• citation manipulation;
• peer-review manipulation;
• undisclosed conflicts of interest;
• unethical research; or
• systematic manipulation of the publication process.

Credible allegations of misconduct will be investigated objectively and may result in rejection, correction, expression of concern, retraction, or other appropriate actions.

Related Policies:
Research Misconduct | Authorship and Contributorship | Conflict of Interest | Corrections and Retractions