Ethical Oversight

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their research complies with applicable ethical, professional, legal, environmental, institutional, and safety requirements.

Research involving human participants, identifiable personal information, surveys, experiments with individuals, human-machine interaction, or medical technologies must obtain ethical approval and informed consent where required.

Research involving animals must comply with applicable animal-welfare standards.

Research involving hazardous chemicals, biological materials, high-voltage systems, radiation, autonomous systems, industrial equipment, or potentially dangerous technologies must comply with appropriate safety requirements.

Environmental research must comply with relevant regulations and permits where required.

Authors should clearly report relevant ethical approvals, permits, consent statements, or exemptions.

Related Policies:
Research Data and Reproducibility | Publication Ethics | Privacy Statement