Corrections and Retractions

The journal is committed to maintaining an accurate and trustworthy scholarly record.

Depending on the circumstances, the journal may publish:

A correction may be appropriate when a significant error does not invalidate the principal findings.

Retraction may be appropriate when findings are unreliable because of major error, fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, duplicate publication, unethical research, manipulated data, compromised peer review, or another serious integrity issue.

Retracted articles normally remain accessible as part of the scholarly record but are clearly marked and linked to an explanatory retraction notice.

Related Policies:
Research Misconduct | Article Withdrawal Policy | Post-Publication Discussion